A pterygium is a triangular, fleshy fibrovascular tissue that grows in the conjunctiva, the thin, clear covering of your eye. Usually, a pterygium appears in the inside corner of your eye closest to your nose, although it can appear on the outer corner, as well. It grows from the corner up towards your iris, the dark circle in the center of your pupil. You may feel as if something is growing over your eye. If a pterygium grows large enough, it can interfere with your vision.
Pterygium can cause redness in your eye, tearing and irritation. In rare situations, a pterygium can impact the shape of the cornea and cause astigmatism, thus impacting your ability to see clearly.
Who is at Risk for Pterygium?
The causes of pterygium are not fully understood. However, there is a link to prolonged exposure to sun and dry, dusty conditions . It is more common in people who spend a great deal of time outdoors, particular in hot, dry areas. As a protection, you should always wear sunglasses with UV protection, whenever you are outside.
How is Pterygium Detected?
A pterygium is detected during a routine eye exam. Your doctor will use a slit lamp examination to detect pterygium. In addition, he may also use corneal topography. Once you have been diagnosed with pterygium, your doctor will want to conduct these tests once or twice a year. Along with a visual acuity test, he will want to monitor the growth of the pterygium as well as any changes in your vision.
How is Pterygium Treated?
Because pterygium is impacted by environmental factors, mild cases will be controlled by frequently lubricating your eyes with eye drops. In addition, wearing glasses with UV protection (not just sunglasses) may also help. You should also avoid dry, dusty and smoky areas as much as possible.
If the inflammation in your eye is more severe, your doctor will likely prescribe a topical antihistamine/decongestant or a mild topical steroid.
If the pterygium grows so large that it impacts your vision or if it is a severe cosmetic problem, it can be surgically removed.
Overview of Corneal Diseases and Disorders
Corneal Ulcer and Treatment
Fuchs' Dystrophy and Treatment
Herpes Zoster / Shingles and Treatment
Keratitis and Treatment
Keratconus and Treatment
Pterygium
